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1 date: 3/14/06 spx2945 400ma low dropout voltage regulator with shutdown ?copyright 2006 sipex corporation spx2945 description features output 3.3v, 5.0v at 400ma output very low quiescent current, 100 a low dropout voltage, 420mv at 400ma extremely tight load and line regulation very low temperature coefficient current & thermal limiting error flag warns of output dropout logic-controlled electronic shutdown output programmable from 1.24v to 20v (for so-8) the spx2945 is a low power voltage regulator. this device is an excellent choice for use in battery-powered applications such as cordless telephones, radio control systems, and portable computers. the spx2945 features very low quiescent current (100 a typ.) and very low dropout voltage. this includes a tight initial tolerance of 1% max and very low output temperature coefficient, making the spx2945 useful as a low- power voltage reference. the error flag output feature is used as power-on reset for warning of a low output voltage, due to a falling voltage input of batteries. another feature is the logic-compatible shutdown input which enables the regulator to be switched on and off. the spx2945 is offered in 3-pin to-220 package, so-8 (same pin out as spx2951), sot-223, surface mount 3-pin to-252, 3-pin to-263 packages and 5-pin to-263. the regulator output voltage (of the 8-pin so-8) may be pin-strapped for a 3.3v and 5.0v or programmed from 1.24v to 20v with an external pair of resistors. look for spx2951 for 150ma and spx2954 for 250ma applications. 400ma low dropout voltage regulator with shutdown t o-220-3 (u) 123 v in v ou gn spx2945 13 25 4 spx2945 5 pin to-263 er v in gnd v out sd 13 2 sot-223 (m3) v in gn v ou spx2945 2 1 3 4 8 7 6 5 8-pin surface mount v ou sens shutdown gn v in feedback 5v/ 3.3v tap erro spx2945 t o-252 (r) 1 23 v in v ou gn spx2945 t o-263-5 v in t o-263-3 (t) v ou gn spx2945 3 2 1 (s) (t5) 100k error ______ sd v out gnd fb +v in 0.01 f 3 8 1 4 7 shutdown input spx2945 off on +v in 5 10 f v ref r 2 r 1 + error output 1.2v to 20v + 2.2 f + spx2945 v in 5v in gnd out 0.1 f adjustable regulator 5v regulator circuit now available in lead free packaging note: tab is ground
2 date: 3/14/06 spx2945 400ma low dropout voltage regulator with shutdown ?copyright 2006 sipex corporation electrical characteristics electrical characteristics at v in = v o +1v, i o = 1ma, c out = 2.2 f, t a = 25 c, unless otherwise specified. the ? denotes the specifications wich apply over full operating tempeture range -40 c to +85 c, unless noted. parameter conditions min typ max units (note 2) 3.3v version out put voltage 3.267 3.3 3.333 v 1ma i l 400ma 3.217 3.3 3.382 ? 5.0v version output voltage 4.950 5.0 5.050 v 1ma i l 400ma 4.880 5.0 5.120 ? all voltage options output voltage 20 100 ? ppm/ c temperature coefficient (note1) line regulation (note 3) 6v v in 20v (note 4) 1.5 20 ? mv load regulation (note 3) i l =1 to 400ma 6 20 mv 30 ? dropout voltage (note5) i l =1ma 60 100 mv 150 ? i l =400ma 360 450 700 ? ground current i l =1ma 100 200 a 300 ? i l =150ma 2 4 ma 6 ? i l =300ma 4 8 12 ? i l =400ma 8 15 25 ? current limit v out =0 330 800 ? ma thermal regulation 0.05 0.2 %/w output noise, 10hz to 100khz, c l =2.2 f 400 v rms i l =100ma c l =33 f 260 psrr at 100khz 31 db i l =100ma c l =10 f adjustable 8 pin version only reference voltage 1.210 1.235 1.260 v reference voltage over temperature 1.185 1.285 v feedback pin bias current 20 40 na 60 ? reference voltage temp. 20 ppm/ c coefficient power dissipation ........................................................ internally limited lead temp. (soldering, 5 seconds) ............................................. 260 c storage temperature range ........................................ -65 c to +150 c operating junction temperature range ....................... -40 c to +125 c input supply voltage ......................................................... -20v to +26v absolute maximum ratings feedback input voltage ................................................ -1.5v to +26v shutdown input voltage ................................................ -0.3v to +26v error comparator output .............................................. -0.3v to +26v esd rating ............................................................................ 2kv min
3 date: 3/14/06 spx2945 400ma low dropout voltage regulator with shutdown ?copyright 2006 sipex corporation parameter conditions min typ max ? units (note 2) feedback pin bieas current 0.1 na/ c temperature coefficient output leakage current v 0h =20v 0.01 1 a 2 ? output low voltage v in =4.5v 150 250 mv i 0l =400 a 400 ? upper threshold voltage (note 6) 40 60 mv 25 lower threshold voltage (note 6) 75 95 mv 140 ? hysteresis (note 6) 15 mv input logic voltage low (regulator on) 0.7 ? v high (regulator off) 1.3 2.0 ? shutdown pin input current vs=2.4v 30 50 a 100 ? vs=26v 450 600 750 ? regulator output current (note 7) 10 3 a in shutdown 20 ? thermal resistance to-220-3 29.4 ? theta junction-ambient ja to-263-3 31.4 ? c/w to-263-5 31.2 ? nsoic-8 128.4 ? sot-223 62.3 ? to-252 50 ? electrical characteristics: continued electrical characteristics at v in = v o +1v, i o = 1ma, c out = 2.2 f, t a = 25 c, unless otherwise specified. ? applies over the full operating temperature range. note 1: output or reference voltage temperature coefficients defined as the worst case voltage change divided by the total temperature range. note 2: unless otherwise specified all limits are guaranteed for t j = 25 c, v in = 6v, i l = 1ma and c l = 2.2 f. additional conditions for the 8-pin versions are feedback tied to 5v/3.3v tap and output tied to output sense (v out = 5v) and v shutdown 0.8v. note 3: regulation is measured at constant junction temperature, using pulse testing with a low duty cycle. changes in output voltage due to heating effects are covered under the specification for thermal regulation. note 4: line regulation for the spx2945 is tested at 150 c for i l = 1 ma. for t j = 125 c, line regulation is guaranteed by design. note 5: dropout voltage is defined as the input to output differential at which the output voltage drops 100 mv below its nominal value measured at 1v differential at very low values of programmed output voltage, the minimum input supply voltage of 2v ( 2.3v over temperature) must be taken into account. note 6: comparator thresholds are expressed in terms of a voltage differential at the feedback terminal below the nominal reference voltage measured at 6v input. to express these thresholds in terms of output voltage change, multiply by the error amplifier gain = v out /v ref = (r1 + r2)/r2. for example, at a programmed output voltage of 5v, the error output is guaranteed to go low when the output drops by 95 mv x 5v/1.235 = 384 mv. thresholds remain constant as a percent of v out as v out is varied, with the dropout warning occurring at typically 5% below nominal, 7.5% guaranteed. note 7: v shutdown 2v, v in 26v, v out = 0, feedback pin tied to 5v/3.3v tap.
4 date: 3/14/06 spx2945 400ma low dropout voltage regulator with shutdown ?copyright 2006 sipex corporation spx2945 - 5.0v block diagram feedback input output unregulated dc shutdown ground error ______ 5v tap sense 5v at 400ma max to cmos or ttl reference error detection comparator error amplifier 1.23v from cmos or ttl + + + + + + 60 mv 3 7 8 1 2 6 5 4 . 60k ? 330k ? 180k ? . . 1 f _ _ external capacitors the stability of the spx2945 requires a 2.2 f or greater capacitor between output and ground. oscillation could occur without this capacitor. most types of tantalum or aluminum electrolytic works fine here. for operations of below -25 c solid tantalum is recommended since the many aluminum types have electrolytes that freeze at about -30 c. the esr of about 5 ? or less and resonant frequency above 500khz are the most important parameters in the value of the capaci- tor. the capacitor value can be increased with- out limit. at lower values of output current, less output capacitance is required for stability. for the currents below 10ma the value of the capacitor can be reduced to 0.5 f and 0.15 f for 1ma. more output capacitance needed for the 8-pin version at voltages below 5v since it runs the error amplifier at lower gain. at worst case 4.7 f or greater must be used for the condition of 250ma load at 1.23v output. the spx2945, unlike other low dropout regu- lators will remain stable and in regulation with no load in addition to the internal voltage di- vider. this feature is especially important in applications like cmos ram keep-alive. if there is more than 10 inches of wire between the input and the ac filter capacitor, or if a battery is used as the input, then a 0.1 f tanta- lum or aluminum electrolytic capacitor should be placed from the input to the ground. instability can occur if there is stray capaci- tance to the spx2945 feedback terminal (pin 7). this could cause more problems when using a higher value of external resistors to set the output voltage. this problem can be fixed by adding a 100pf capacitor between output and feedback and increasing the output capacitor to at least 3.3 f. application information
5 date: 3/14/06 spx2945 400ma low dropout voltage regulator with shutdown ?copyright 2006 sipex corporation error detection comparator output the comparator produces a logic low output whenever the spx2945 output falls out of regu- lation by more than around 5%. this is around 60mv offset divided by the 1.235 reference voltage. this trip level remains 5% below normal regardless of the programmed output voltage of the regulator. figure 1 shows the timing diagram depicting the error signal and the regulator output voltage as the spx2945 input is ramped up and down. the error signal becomes low at around 1.3v input, and goes high around 5v input (input voltage at which v out = 4.75). since the spx2945? dropout voltage is load dependent, the input voltage trip point (around 5v) will vary with the load current. the output voltage trip point (approx. 4.75v) does not vary with load. the error comparator has an open-collector out- put, which requires an external pull-up resistor. depending on the system requirements the re- sistor may be returned to 5v output or other supply voltage. in determining the value of this resistor, note that the output is rated to sink 400 a; this value adds to battery drain in a low battery condition. suggested values range from 100k to 1m ? . if the output is unused this resistor is not required. programming the output voltage of spx2945 the spx2945 may be pin-strapped for 5v or 3.3v using its internal voltage divider by tying pin 1 (output) to pin 2 (sense) and pin 7 (feed- back) to pin 6 (5v/3.3v tap). also, it may be programmed for any output voltage between its 1.235v reference and its 20v maximum rating. as seen in figure 2, an external pair of resistors is required. refer to the below equation for the program- ming of the output voltage:: v out = v ref x ( 1 + r 1 / r 2 )+ i fb r 1 the v ref is 1.235 and i fb is the feedback bias current, nominally -20na. the minimum rec- ommended load current of 1 a forces an upper limit of 1.2 m ? on value of r 2 . if no load is presented the i fb produces an error of typically 2% in v out , which may be eliminated at room temperature by trimming r 1 . to improve the accuracy choose the value of r 2 = 100k; this reduces the error by 0.17% and increases the resistor program current by 12 a. since the spx2945 typically draws 60 a at no load with pin 2 open-circuited this is a small price to pay. reducing output noise it may be an advantage to reduce the ac noise present at the output. one way is to reduce the regulator bandwidth by increasing the size of the output capacitor. this is the only way that noise can be reduced on the 3 lead spx2945 but is relatively inefficient, as increasing the ca- pacitor from 1 f to 220 f only decreases the noise from 430 v to 160 v vrms for a 100khz bandwidth at 5v output. noise could also be reduced fourfold by a bypass capacitor across r 1 , since it reduces the high frequency gain from 4 to unity. pick c bypass ? 1 / 2 r 1 x 200 hz or choose 0.01 f. when doing this, the output capacitor must be increased to 3.3 f to main- tain stability. these changes reduce the output noise from 430 v to 100 v vrms for a 100khz bandwidth at 5v output. with the bypass ca- pacitor added, noise no longer scales with out- put voltage so that improvements are more dra- matic at higher output voltages. + + + + 4.75v output voltage error* _______ input voltage 1.3v 5.0v * see application info. figure 1. error output timing
6 date: 3/14/06 spx2945 400ma low dropout voltage regulator with shutdown ?copyright 2006 sipex corporation package: 3 pin to-252 front view b3 e d l3 1 2 3 l4 e b2 b l5 back view e1 d1 h (l1) seating plane c c2 a side view gauge plane l l2 1 a1 min nom max min nom max a 0.086 - 0.094 2.18 - 2.39 a1 -- 0.005 - - 0.13 b 0.025 - 0.035 0.64 - 0.89 b2 0.030 - 0.045 0.76 - 1.14 b3 0.195 - 0.215 4.95 - 5.46 c 0.018 - 0.024 0.46 - 0.61 c2 0.018 - 0.035 0.46 - 0.89 d 0.235 0.240 0.245 5.97 6.10 6.22 d1 0.205 - - 5.21 - - e 0.250 - 0.265 6.35 - 6.73 e1 0.170 - - 4.32 - - e h 0.370 - 0.410 9.4 - 10.41 l 0.055 0.060 0.070 1.4 1.52 1.78 l1 l2 l3 0.035 - 0.050 0.89 - 1.27 l4 -- 0.040 - - 1.02 l5 0.045 - 0.060 1.14 - 1.52 0 - 10 0 - 10 ? 0 - 15 0 - 15 0.51 bsc 2.74 ref 2.29 bsc symbol 3 pin to-252 jedec to-252 variation aa sipex pkg signoff date/rev: jl aug4-05/rev a .090 bsc .108 ref .020 bsc dimensions in inches: controlling dimension dimensions in millimeters conversion factor: 1 inch = 25.40 mm
7 date: 3/14/06 spx2945 400ma low dropout voltage regulator with shutdown ?copyright 2006 sipex corporation package: 3 pin to-220 min nom max min nom max a 0.140 - 0.190 3.56 - 4.83 a1 0.020 - 0.055 0.51 - 1.27 a2 0.080 - 0.115 2.03 - 2.79 b 0.015 0.027 0.040 0.25 0.51 1.02 b2 0.045 0.057 0.070 1.14 1.45 1.78 c 0.014 - 0.024 0.25 - 0.51 d 0.560 - 0.650 14.22 - 16.51 d1 0.330 - 0.355 8.38 - 8.89 d2 0.480 - 0.507 12.19 - 12.70 e 0.380 - 0.420 9.65 - 10.67 e1 0.270 - 0.350 6.86 - 8.89 e2 - - 0.030 - - 0.76 e e1 h1 0.230 - 0.270 5.84 - 6.86 l 0.500 - 0.580 12.70 - 14.73 l1 - - 0.250 - - 6.35 p 0.139 - 0.161 3.30 - 4.06 q 0.100 - 0.135 2.54 - 3.30 sipex pkg signoff date/rev: jl aug4-05 / rev a 3 pin to-220 jedec to-220 variation ab symbol 2.54 bsc 5.08 bsc dimensions in inches: controlling dimension dimensions in millimeters: conversion factor: 1 inch = 25.40 mm .100 bsc .200 bsc d2 (h1) e1 thermal pad back view e1 b2 e ? q d d1 e2 l l1 b 1 e front view h1 seating plane a1 a chamfer optional c a2 side view
8 date: 3/14/06 spx2945 400ma low dropout voltage regulator with shutdown ?copyright 2006 sipex corporation package: 5 pin to-263 (l1) e1 d1 thermal pad back view e d l1 e b 1 2 3 e/2 front view 4 5 detail c l gauge plane a1 seating plane l3 c c2 a h seating plane see detail c chamfer optional side view symbol min nom max min nom max a0. 160 - 0.190 4.06 - 4.83 a1 0.000 - 0.010 0.00 - 0.25 b0. 020 - 0.039 0.51 - 0.99 c0. 015 - 0.029 0.38 - 0.74 c2 0.045 - 0.065 11.43 - 5.84 d0. 330 - 0.380 8.38 - 9.65 d1 0.270 - - 6.86 - - e0. 380 - 0.420 9.65 - 10.67 e1 0.245 - - 6.22 - - e h0. 575 - 0.625 14.61 - 15.88 l0. 070 - 0.110 1.78 - 2.79 l1 - - 0.066 - - 1.68 l3 o 0? - 8? 0? - 8? sipex pkg signoff date/rev: jl jan18-06/rev a .010 bsc 2.54 bsc inches controlling dimension millimeters conversion factor: 1 inch = 25.40 mm 5 pin to-263 jedec to-263 variation ba .067 bsc 17.02 bsc
9 date: 3/14/06 spx2945 400ma low dropout voltage regulator with shutdown ?copyright 2006 sipex corporation package: 3 pin to-263 min nom max min nom max a 0.160 - 0.190 4.06 - 4.83 a1 0.000 - 0.010 0.00 - 0.25 b 0.020 - 0.039 0.51 - 0.99 b2 0.045 - 0.070 1.14 - 1.78 c 0.015 - 0.029 0.38 - 0.74 c2 0.045 - 0.065 1.14 - 1.65 d 0.330 - 0.380 8.38 - 9.65 d1 0.270 - - 6.86 - - e 0.380 - 0.420 9.65 - 10.67 e1 0.245 - - 6.22 - - e h 0.575 - 0.625 14.61 - 15.88 l 0.070 - 0.110 1.78 - 2.79 l1 - - 0.066 - - 1.68 l3 o 0? - 8? 0? - 8? inches controlling dimension millimeters conversion factor: 1 inch = 25.40 mm sipex pkg signoff date/rev: jl aug5-05 / rev a 0.25 bsc .010 bsc symbol 3 pin to-263 jedec to-263 variation aa 2.54 bsc .100 bsc detail c l gauge plane a1 seating plane l3 c c2 a h seating plane chamfer optional side view see detail c e1 d1 (l1) thermal pad back view l1 front view e d b2 e b e/2 1 2 3
10 date: 3/14/06 spx2945 400ma low dropout voltage regulator with shutdown ?copyright 2006 sipex corporation package: 3 pin sot-223 e d 1 e e1 b2 b top view 2 2 3 e1 front view l gauge plane seating plane l2 c a1 a2 a symbol min nom max min nom max a --1. 80 - - 0.071 a1 0.02 - 0.10 0.001 - 0.004 a2 1.50 1.60 1.70 0.060 0.063 0.067 b 0.66 0.76 0.84 0.026 0.030 0.033 b2 2.90 3.00 3.10 0.114 0.118 0.122 c 0.23 0.30 0.35 0.010 0.012 0.014 d 6.30 6.50 6.70 0.248 0.256 0.264 e 6.70 7.00 7.30 0.264 0.276 0.287 e1 3.30 3.50 3.70 0.130 0.138 0.146 e e1 l 0.75 - - 0.030 - - l2 0 - 10 0 - 10 0.091 basic 0.182 basic 0.010 basic 3 pin sot-223 jedec to-261 variation aa sipex pkg signoff date/rev: jl aug8-05/rev a millimeters controlling dimension inches conversion factor: 1 inch = 25.40 mm 0.25 basic 2.30 basic 4.60 basic
11 date: 3/14/06 spx2945 400ma low dropout voltage regulator with shutdown ?copyright 2006 sipex corporation package: 8 pin nsoic front view l ? gauge plane l2 c r r1 ? seating plane h h ? d e e/2 3 2 1 b e e1 e1/2 6 8 pin1 designator to be within this index area (d/2 x e1/2) to p view (l1) 5 4 7 d/2 a a2 a1 side view seating plane min nom max min nom max a 1.35 - 1.75 0.053 - 0.069 a1 0.10 - 0.25 0.004 - 0.010 a2 1.25 - 1.65 0.049 - 0.065 b 0.31 - 0.51 0.012 - 0.020 c 0.17 - 0.25 0.007 - 0.010 e e1 e h 0.25 0.50 0.010 - 0.020 l 0.40 - 1.27 0.016 - 0.050 l1 l2 r 0.07 - - 0.003 - - r1 0.07 - - 0.003 - - ?-8 0 - 8 ? 5 - 15 5 - 15 ? 0 - - 0 - - d 0.041 ref sipex pkg signoff date/rev: jl aug16-05 / rev a 4.90 bsc 6.00 bsc 3.90 bsc 1.27 bsc 1.04 ref 0.193 bsc 0.25 bsc 0.010 bsc 0.236 bsc 0.050 bsc 0.154 bsc 8 pin nsoic jedec ms-012 variation aa symbol dimensions in millimeters: controlling dimension dimensions in inches conversion factor: 1 inch = 25.40 mm
12 date: 3/14/06 spx2945 400ma low dropout voltage regulator with shutdown ?copyright 2006 sipex corporation ordering information available in lead free packaging. to order add "-l" suffix to part number. example: spx2954s-5-0/tr = standard; spx2954s-l-5-0/tr = lead free /tr = tape and reel pack quantity is 500 for to-263, 2,000 for to-252, and 2,500 for sot223 or nsoic. ordering no. accuracy output voltage packages spx2945m3-3-3 1% 3.3v 3-pin sot-223 spx2945m3-3-3/tr 1% 3.3v 3-pin sot-223 spx2945m3-5-0 1% 5.0v 3-pin sot-223 spx2945m3-5-0/tr 1% 5.0v 3-pin sot-223 spx2945s-3-3 1% 3.3v 8-pin nsoic spx2945s-3-3/tr 1% 3.3v 8-pin nsoic spx2945s-5-0 1% 5.0v 8-pin nsoic spx2945s-5-0/tr 1% 5.0v 8-pin nsoic spx2945r-3-3 1% 3.3v 3-pin to-252 spx2945r-3-3/tr 1% 3.3v 3-pin to-252 spx2945r-5-0 1% 5.0v 3-pin to-252 spx2945r-5-0/tr 1% 5.0v 3-pin to-252 spx2945t-3-3 1% 3.3v 3-pin to-263 spx2945t-3-3/tr 1% 3.3v 3-pin to-263 spx2945t-5-0 1% 5.0v 3-pin to-263 spx2945t-5-0/tr 1% 5.0v 3-pin to-263 spx2945t5-3-3 1% 3.3v 5-pin to-263 spx2945t5-3-3/tr 1% 3.3v 5-pin to-263 spx2945t5-5-0 1% 5.0v 5-pin to-263 spx2945t5-5-0/tr 1% 5.0v 5-pin to-263 spx2945u-3-3 1% 3.3v 3-pin to-220 spx2945u-5-0 1% 5.0v 3-pin to-220 sipex corporation headquarters and sales office 233 south hillview drive milpitas, ca 95035 tel: (408) 934-7500 fax: (408) 935-7600 solved by sipex tm sipex corporation reserves the right to make changes to any products described herein. sipex does not assume any liability aris ing out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor t he rights of others.

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